Function of the sphincters and valves found in the GIT

1.      Match the following

a)   Upper esophageal sphincter

b)   Lower Esophageal Sphincter (cardiac sphincter)

c)   Pyloric sphincter

d)   Ileocecal valve

e)   Internal anal sphincter

f)   External anal sphincter

__d__ separates small intestine and large intestine

__b__ separates esophagus and stomach

__c__ separates stomach and small intestine

__f__ skeletal muscle that controls outflow of stool

__e__ smooth muscle that controls outflow of stool

___a_ separates pharynx and esophagus

2.      Ring like valves which close off the tube like drawstrings, regulating the passage of material between chambers of the digestive canal.

a)      Peristalsis

b)     Rugae

c)      Mesenteries

d)     Sphincters

e)      Tendons

3.      The _________ sphincter is always tight, except when stool enters the rectum. It keeps us continent when we are asleep or otherwise unaware of the presence of stool. When we get an urge to go to the bathroom, we rely on our __________ sphincter to hold the stool until reaching a toilet, where it then relaxes to release the contents.

a)      Internal; external

b)     External; internal